Atomizer.



No. 663,997. Patented Dec. 18, I900.

R. MDRRILL.

ATOMIZER. A nmon filed Nov. 20, 1899.)

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES A ATENT Erica.

ROLAND MORRILL, OF BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN.

ATOMIZER.

S PEdIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 663,997, dated December is, ieoo.

Application filed November 20, 1899 Serial No. 737,609. (No model To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROLAND MORRILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Benton Harbor, in the county of Berrien and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Atomizers, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to that class of atomizers that are more commonly known in the trade as sprayers and are intended and adapted more particularly for distributing insect-poison, disinfectants, and the like.

The object of the invention, broadly stated, is to improve the efficiency of atomizers of this class, particularly with respect to the area covered by the spray, the quantity of liquid exhausted by a given volume of air under a given pressure, freedom from stoppage of the liquid-tube, and freedom from the wasting of unatomized liquid onto the atomizer or otherwise due to an unatomized excess of liquid at the point of discharge. fOther minor objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In order to produce a spray of maximum area, I use a plurality of diverging air-dis-.

charge openings, the angle of divergence being such that the currents of air discharged from them will, while diverging, nevertheless meet after leaving the points of discharge, and in connection with each of these air-discharge openings I use a liquid-discharge opening with suitable means for supplying it with liquid.

In order to increase the atomizing efficiency under given conditions, I use means for giving the current of air as it leaves its dischargeopening a direction which forms an acute angle with the axis of the liquid-discharge opening.

In order to prevent the stoppage of the liquid-discharge tube at the point where it is most apt to become stopped by the accumulation of sediment-namely, its lower portionI use a tube of large capacity having a small discharge-opening or a plurality of such openings, depending upon the size and capacity of the apparatus.

In order to prevent the excess of liquid which sometimes accumulates in drops at the liquid-discharge opening from wasting, especially from wasting onto the apparatus itself, with the result that it becomes soiled thereby,

I deflect the upper portion of the liquid-tube laterally and so dispose its discharge end that it does not slope downward from its extremity. Preferably it terminates in one or ,more lateral branches which are preferably about at right angles to the main portion of the tube, so that said branches are practically horizontal while in use, albeit any disposition of the discharge end of the tube which will prevent the liquid from trickling down the side of the tube is within the scope of this part of my invention.

The invention consists'in the features of novelty that are herein fully described, and in order that it maybe fully understood I will describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof, and in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an atomizer embodying the invention in its preferred form. Fig. 2 is an enlarged section of a portion thereof on the line 2 2, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional elevation of a portion thereof on the line 3 3, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow. Figs. 4: and 5 are sections of portions of an atomizer embodying some features of the invention in somewhatmodified form, the cutting plane of Fig. 4 being indicated by the line 4: 4, Fig. 5, and the cutting plane of Fig. 5 being indicated bythe line 5 5, Fig. 4.

A represents the cylinder or barrel, and B the piston-rod, of an air-pump of ordinary construction.

The invention is not limited to details in the mechanism for supplying the atomizer with air under pressure for atomizing purposes, albeit in atomizer-s of the class to which the invention belongs a pump such as described is customarily used.

The end Ct of the barrel A is herein termed the nozzle, which term is intended to include and comprehend any part having an opening for the discharge of air under pressure. As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the nozzle is provided with two openings a for the discharge of air, and these openings diverge. In order to enable them to be placed at the proper angle of divergence and at the same time meet the other requirements hereinafter described, the disk of which the nozzle is formed is provided with hollow protuberances which are preferably spherical in shape, and the discharge-openings a are disposed at the outer sloping portions of said protuberances. By disposing the openings at a greater or less distance from the summit-s of the protuberances any desired angle of divergence may be had.

In an atomizer having a plurality of discharge-openings for air and liquid it has heretofore been the custom to use for each of the air-discharge openings a separate liquid-tube extending from the vicinity of the opening down into the liquid-receptacle, terminating near the bottom thereof. These tubes have been either of uniform diameter from end to end or else slightly tapered, and since only a small quantity of liquid is required at each of the discharge-openings the liquid-tube has been of necessity small. It is found in practice that with such a small liquid-tube the solid matter which settles to the bottom of the liquid-receptacle when the atomizer is used for distributing solutions of paris-green and similar substances will choke the liquidtubes. In order to avoid this, I use a liquidtube which is of large capacity from its lower end to a point near the discharge-opening, (large enough to permit regurgitation after each operation of the air-pump, and thereby prevent the sediment from choking it,) at which point it is abruptly contracted, the contracted portion extending to the liquiddischarge opening. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings I have shown the liquid-tube as being made up of a portion 0 of large diameter and two branches 0 of smaller diameter. The portion C is provided near its upper eX- tremity with lateral openings, through which is inserted a smaller tube forming the branches 0, the smaller tube being cut away at c in order that its interior may communicate with the interior of the tube 0. The branches 0 terminate in proximity to the openings a and are so disposed that their axes form acute angles with the directions of the currents of air issuing from the openings a. In order to get a sufficiently acute angle, the tube forming the branches 0 is bent, and to enable this and also to enable the main portion 0 of the liquid-tube to be placed in direct contact with and soldered to the nozzle A is one of the reasons for providing the nozzle with the protuberances before described. Vithaliquid-tubethusconstructed there is scarcely any liability that the large portion C thereof will become choked by sediment, and if the lateral branches should by any possibility become choked they may be easily cleaned by simply running a small wire or the like through them from end to end.

As shown in the drawings, the liquid-receptacle consists of a glass jar D of the type known as Mason fruit-jar, the body portion of which is disposed in a cage E, which is soldered to the under side of the barrel A at their points of contact and is also connected with the barrel by means of sheetmetal braces F. The screw-cap D of the receptacle is permanently attached to the barrel by means of struts G and also by the tube C, which, as before described, is soldered to the nozzle and is also soldered to the cap D, through the top side of which it passes, terminating at its lower end near the lower side thereof, as indicated in dotted lines. With this arrangement the main portion of the jar may be removed by unscrewing it, leaving the cap D permanently attached to the barrel A. In order that the receptacle may be filled without removing it, the cap D is provided with a filling-orifice surrounded by a neck terminating in a funnel d, a stopper I-I being provided for closing it.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the liquid-tube is without lateral branches, but is nevertheless provided with a plurality of discharge-openings c, which are located opposite each other and in rear of a diametric line drawn through the tube. The single discharge-opening of the nozzle a is disposed immediately behind the liquid-tube, so that the current'of air issuing from it is split, and the two branches pass in diverging lines, which form acute angles with the axes of the discharge-openings of the liquid-tube.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An atomizer having a nozzle provided with an opening for the discharge of air, a liquid-receptacle, and a liquid-tube extending upward from the receptacle and having above the receptacle, in the vicinity of the air-discharge opening, an opening for the discharge of liquid, the liquid-tube being of large diameter from its lower extremity to a point near the discharge-opening, at which point it is abruptly contracted, and the air and liquid discharge openings being so disposed with relation to each other that the air lifts the liquid from the receptacle, substantially as set forth.

2. An atomizer having a nozzle provided with an opening for .the discharge of air, a liquid-receptacle and a tube extending upward therefrom and having in the vicinity of the air-discharge opening an opening for the discharge of liquid, the upper portion of the tube being deflected laterally and so disposed that it does not slope downward from its discharge-opening, whereby the excess of liquid discharged from its openingis prevented from trickling down its sides, substantially as set forth.

An atomizer having a liquid-receptacle, a tube having above the receptacle a plurality of openings for the discharge of liquid, and means for discharging air past the liquid-discharge openings, the air andliquid discharge openings being so disposed that the air lifts the liquid from the receptacle, the lower end of the liquid-tube being in open communication with the interior of the receptacle, near the bottom thereof, whence it extends upward to the point of discharge, and the tube being of as great capacity as the aggregate capacity of the discharge-openings, substantially as set forth.

4. An atomizer having a liquid-receptacle, a tube rising therefrom and provided with a plurality of openings for the discharge of liquid, said openings being of less capacity than the tube and located opposite each other so as to permit a wire or the like to be passed through them, and means for discharging air past the liquid-discharge openings, substantially as set forth.

5. An atomizer having a nozzle provided with hollow protuberances having in their outer slopes openings for the discharge of air, a liquid-receptacle, and means whereby the air discharged from said openings lifts the liquid and discharges it in the vicinity of said openings, substantially as set forth.

6. An atomizer having a nozzle provided with hollow protuberances having in their outer slopes openings for the discharge of air, a liquid-receptacle and a liquid-tube rising therefrom and having at its upper portion lateral branches provided in the vicinity of the air-discharge openings with openings for the discharge of liquid, said branches being of smaller capacity than the main portion of the tube, substantially as set forth.

7. An atomizer having a liquid-receptacle, a liquid-tube rising therefrom and having a plurality of openings for the discharge of liquid, and a nozzle having means for discharging a plurality of diverging currents of air, each of the liquid-discharge openings having its axis disposed in a direction which forms an acute angle with the direction of the current of air passing it, substantially as set forth.

8. An atomizer having a nozzle provided with a plurality of protuberances having airdisoharge openings in their outer slopes, a liquid-receptacle, a tube rising therefrom and disposed at its upper portion between said protuberances, said tube having at its upper portion branches of smaller capacity having in the vicinity of the air-discharge openings openings for the discharge of liquid, said branches being bent outward from the nozzle, substantially as set forth.

ROLAND MORRILL.

Witnesses:

L. M. HOPKINS, N. O. GRIDLEY. 

